Najaf Havzasi

Najaf seminariyasi (arabcha: حوزة النجف), al-Havza al-Ilmiyya (الحوزة العلمية) nomi bilan ham tanilgan, dunyodagi eng qadimgi va eng muhim shia seminariyalaridan (havza) biridir^[1]. U Iroqning Najaf shahridagi Imom Ali ziyoratgohi yaqinida joylashgan, shuningdek, Iroqning Karbalo shahridagi kampusi ham faoliyat yuritadi. Shayx at-Tusiy (hijriy 385/milodiy 995 – 460/1067)^[2] tomonidan tashkil etilgan va 1921-yilda zamonaviy Iroq tashkil etilgandan keyin ham tadqiqot markazi sifatida faoliyatini davom ettirgan^[3]^[4].

2023-yildan boshlab Oyatulloh Ali as-Sistoniy Havza Ilmiyya Najafga rahbarlik qiladi, unga yana ikki oyatulloh – Muhammad Ishoq Al-Fayyod va Bashir an-Najafi qoʻshilgan^[5]. U yerda tahsil olayotgan talabalar soni hozirda kamayib ketgan, 20-asr oʻrtalarida 15-20.000 nafardan, Saddam Husayn repressiv hukmronligi davrida 3000 nafarga, 2014-yilda esa 13000 nafarga kamaygan^[6].

2014-yildan boshlab oʻquv dasturi koʻplab zamonaviy fanlarni, shuningdek, dinlararo va mazhablararo tashabbuslarni oʻz ichiga olgan holda yangilangan^[6].

↑ „A rare look inside the 'heart of society' for Iraq's Shi'ites“. Reuters (2017-yil 12-oktyabr).
↑ http://www.al-islam.org/fiqh/chap2.html FIQH and FUQAHA – An Introduction to Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence) Containing Forty Four Life Sketches of the Great Past Masters, Published by the WORLD FEDERATION OF KHOJA SHIA ITHNAASHERI MUSLIM COMMUNITIES
↑ „Hawza - Advanced Islamic Studies“. Ahlul Bayt Digital Islamic Library Project. 2011-yil 8-martda asl nusxadan arxivlangan.
↑ Sreeram Chaulia. „Shiites and Democracy“. Mideast Monitor. 2008-yil 26-iyunda asl nusxadan arxivlangan.
↑ Marcinkowski, Christoph. Thinking ahead : Shi'ite Islam in Iraq and its seminaries (hawzah 'ilmiyyah). Singapore: S. Rajaratnam School of international Studies, 25 April 2007. 2023-yil 19-iyulda qaraldi.
↑ ^6,0 ^6,1 Mamouri, Ali. „Najaf's Shiite seminaries enter 21st century“. Al-Monitor (2014-yil 8-aprel). Qaraldi: 2023-yil 18-iyul.Mamouri, Ali (8 April 2014). „Najaf’s Shiite seminaries enter 21st century“. Al-Monitor. Retrieved 18 July 2023.

[reuters-1] „A rare look inside the 'heart of society' for Iraq's Shi'ites“. Reuters (2017-yil 12-oktyabr).

[F&F-2] ttp://www.al-islam.org/fiqh/chap2.html FIQH and FUQAHA – An Introduction to Fiqh (Islamic Jurisprudence) Containing Forty Four Life Sketches of the Great Past Masters, Published by the WORLD FEDERATION OF KHOJA SHIA ITHNAASHERI MUSLIM COMMUNITIES

[ai-Hawza-3] „Hawza - Advanced Islamic Studies“. Ahlul Bayt Digital Islamic Library Project. 2011-yil 8-martda asl nusxadan arxivlangan.

[S&D-4] Sreeram Chaulia. „Shiites and Democracy“. Mideast Monitor. 2008-yil 26-iyunda asl nusxadan arxivlangan.

[NTU-5] Marcinkowski, Christoph. Thinking ahead : Shi'ite Islam in Iraq and its seminaries (hawzah 'ilmiyyah). Singapore: S. Rajaratnam School of international Studies, 25 April 2007. 2023-yil 19-iyulda qaraldi.

[monitor-enter-2014-6] 6,0 ^6,1 Mamouri, Ali. „Najaf's Shiite seminaries enter 21st century“. Al-Monitor (2014-yil 8-aprel). Qaraldi: 2023-yil 18-iyul.Mamouri, Ali (8 April 2014). „Najaf’s Shiite seminaries enter 21st century“. Al-Monitor. Retrieved 18 July 2023.

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